【题目】 United States health officials say an estimated 80,000 people died of influenza (流感) and problems resulting from the flu last winter, making it the worst season since 1977. The director for the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported the number to The Associated Press. Health experts were expecting the winter of 2017-2018 to be a bad year for flu deaths, but not that.
Doctor William Schaffner is an expert on vaccines, at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee. Schaffner noted that 80,000 deaths are nearly twice as much as what health officials once considered a “bad year”.
CDC officials say that between 12,000 and 56,000 Americans die every year from flu-related causes, but they do not have an exact count of how many people die from the flu each year. Influenza is a relatively common disease and not always listed on death records as the official cause of death. While last winter was a bad flu season in the U.S., it was not the worst. The 1918 flu lasted nearly two years. Historians estimate that the disease was to blame for between 500,000 to 700,000 deaths during that period. The exact number is still not known.
One thing that made the 2017-2018 flu season so bad was that the flu virus was strong. Usually the disease kills the very young, the very old or those who are already sick. However, last winter, the flu killed many healthy Americans. Another thing that made the flu season so deadly was that the flu vaccine was not as effective as experts had predicted. Drug makers have made changes to the vaccine. Even though the vaccine did not work well last year, health experts still strongly suggest getting vaccinated.
【1】What can we learn about influenza in the first paragraph?
A.The winter of 2017-2018 saw the deadliest flu in history.
B.Effective cures should be found to deal with influenza.
C.Health experts had assumed flu would be severer.
D.More people died of influenza than expected in the winter of 2017-2018.
【2】How many deaths did the health officials expect in a bad year?
A.80,000. B.40,000.
C.60,000. D.20,000.
【3】Why can't CDC officials give an exact number of deaths from flu?
A.Because flu is always considered as a common disease.
B.Because people usually don't take flu seriously.
C.Because CDC officials are unwilling to count the deaths.
D.Because flu is not always listed on death records.
【4】What do experts recommend people to do in the last paragraph?
A.Change the vaccine. B.Avoid using vaccine.
C.Get vaccinated. D.Do research on vaccine.
【答案】
【1】D
【2】B
【3】D
【4】C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国2017到2018年冬季的流感，造成的死亡率是美国40年来最高的一年。
【1】推理判断题。根据本段第一句United States health officials say an estimated 80,000 people died of influenza (流感) and problems resulting from the flu last winter, making it the worst season since 1977. (美国卫生官员说，去年冬天估计有8万人死于流感和流感引发的问题，这是自1977年以来最严重的流感季节)及Health experts were expecting the winter of 2017-2018 to be a bad year for flu deaths, but not that. (卫生专家当时预计2017到2018年冬季是流感死亡非常严重的一年，但并没有那么严重)可推知， 2017—2018年冬季因流感死亡的人数比专家预计的要多。故选D。
【2】细节理解题。根据第二段的80,000 deaths are nearly twice as much as much as what health officials once considered a “bad year”.(8万人的死亡人数几乎是卫生官员曾经认为的“糟糕的一年”的两倍)可知，8万人的死亡几乎是卫生官员曾经认为的“糟糕年份”的两倍。由此可知，卫生官员预计在糟糕的一年里是4万人。故选B。
【3】推理判断题。根据第三段的Influenza is a relatively common disease and not always listed on death records as the official cause of death.(流感是一种比较常见的疾病，并不总是在死亡记录中被列为官方死亡原因)可知，CDC官员不能给出死于流感的确切数字的原因是流感并不总是列在死亡记录上。故选D。
【4】细节理解题。根据最后一段的health experts still strongly suggest getting vaccinated(健康专家仍然强烈建议接种疫苗)可知，专家建议人们注射疫苗是有必要的。故选C。
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